ALT (GPT) - Foie-voies biliaires

Synonymes

ALAT, alanine aminotransférase
(S)GPT, (serum) glutamaat-pyruvaat transaminase
EC 2.6.1.2

Physiologie

L’alanine aminotransférase catalyse le transfert du groupe alpha-amino de l’alanine à l’oxoglutarate avec production de pyruvate et de glutamate. L’ALT se retrouve principalement dans le cytoplasme (et seulement en petites quantités dans les mitochondries). Pour une activité optimale, comme l’AST, cet enzyme nécessite le cofacteur P5P.

Spécificité

L’ALT est présent dans le tissu hépatique, musculaire (coeur et squelettique), rénale et les globules rouges.
L’ALT est assez spécifique pour le foie chez le chien chat, furet, et primates. A un moindre degré chez le lapin et les rongeurs.
Le tissu hépatique chez des grandes herbivores et porcine contient une activité enzymatique faible limitant l’utilité.
L’ALT est peu spécifique pour le foie aviaire et reptilien.

Sensibilité

Haute pour l’inflammation, la nécrose, la lipidose et le néoplasme primaire hépatique.
Plus faible pour la congestion, le néoplasme métastique ou les anomalies vasculaires portosystémique.

Espèces et références

Bovin

5 - 18

U/L

Chat

<109

U/L

Chien

<117

U/L

Chèvre

<52

U/L

Dauphin

U/L

Furet

<120

U/L

Lapin

<70

U/L

Mouton

<44

U/L

Oiseau

U/L

Phoque

U/L

Porc

19 - 76

U/L

Reptile

U/L

Caractéristiques

Abbréviation

ALT

Catégorie

Foie-voies biliaires

LOINC

1744-2

Méthode

UV without P5P

Délai

le même jour

Prélèvement

Sérum

EDTA plasma

Li-Héparinisé plasma

* = préférence

Mis à jour le 26 avril 2025 à 01:01

Références

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Sorensen K, Venn-Watson S, Ridgway S. Trace and non-trace elements in blood cells of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): variations with values from liver function indicators. J Wildl Dis. 2008;44(2):304-317. [PubMed]

Venn-Watson S, Smith C, Jensen E. Assessment of increased serum aminotransferases in a managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population. J Wildl Dis. 2008;44(2):318-330. [PubMed]

Fauquier D, Mazet J, Gulland F, Spraker T, Christopher M. Distribution of tissue enzymes in three species of pinnipeds. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2008;39(1):1-5. [PubMed]

Jerry Kaneko J, W. Harvey J, L. Bruss M. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Academic Press; 2008.

Quesenberry K, W. Carpenter J. Ferrets, Rabbits and Rodents - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.

Montalvo V, Cruz M, Ahmad I, et al. Hepatitis E virus in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus. Dis Aquat Organ. 2017;123(1):13-18. [PubMed]

Récement sur pubmed

Chien

Geffré, A, Braun, JP, Germain, C, Palanché, F, Kueper, R, Trumel, C et al.. Comparison of measurements of canine plasma glucose, creatinine, urea, total proteins, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase obtained with the APOLOWAKO and Vitros 250 analyzers. Res Vet Sci. 2008;84 (3):354-60. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.07.001. PubMed PMID:17826812 .
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Trumel, C, Diquélou, A, Germain, C, Palanché, F, Braun, JP. Comparison of measurements of canine plasma creatinine, glucose, proteins, urea, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase obtained with Spotchem SP 4430 and Vitros 250 analyzers. Res Vet Sci. 2005;79 (3):183-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.12.001. PubMed PMID:16054888 .
Armstrong, SK, Oosthuyzen, W, Gow, AG, Salavati Schmitz, S, Dear, JW, Mellanby, RJ et al.. Investigation of a relationship between serum concentrations of microRNA-122 and alanine aminotransferase activity in hospitalised cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2022;24 (8):e289-e294. doi: 10.1177/1098612X221100071. PubMed PMID:35703473 PubMed Central PMC9315172.
Noguchi, T, Okuno, E, Takada, Y, Minatogawa, Y, Okai, K, Kido, R et al.. Characteristics of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase in different mammalian species. Biochem J. 1978;169 (1):113-22. doi: 10.1042/bj1690113. PubMed PMID:629740 PubMed Central PMC1184200.
Valentine, BA, Blue, JT, Shelley, SM, Cooper, BJ. Increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity associated with muscle necrosis in the dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1990;4 (3):140-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1990.tb00886.x. PubMed PMID:2366222 .

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Chat

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